42. Arisaema franchetianum Engler, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 1: 487. 1881. 象头花 xiang tou hua Arisaema franchetianumCredit: Harvard University Herbaria Arisaema delavayi Buchet; A. purpureogaleatum Engler.Plants dioecious. Tuber renewed seasonally, creamy red outside, depressed globose, 1-6 cm in diam., bearing many tubercles around. Cataphylls 2 or 3, pale brown with purplish spots, membranous. Leaf solitary; petiole creamy red or pale green, without spots, 20-50 cm, base forming pseudostem, 1-2 cm in diam.; leaf blade 3-foliolate; leaflets sessile or subsessile, subleathery; central leaflet ovate, broadly elliptic, or subovate, 7-23 × 6-22 cm, base shortly cuneate to rounded, apex abruptly attenuate; lateral leaflets obliquely elliptic, 6-20 × 5-19 cm, base cuneate. Peduncle erect in flowering, recurved at fruiting, brown with white dots, shorter than petioles, 10-30 cm. Spathe dirty purple or dark purple with white or greenish white longitudinal lines; tube cylindric, 4-6 × 1.2-2 cm, throat margins slightly recurved; limb galeate-recurved, 4.5-11 × 3-5 cm, apex long acuminate with a tubular tail 5-6 cm, whiplike, pendulous. Spadix unisexual; female zone cylindric, 1.2-3.8 cm × 8-20 mm; ovaries dense, greenish purple, ca. 5 mm; ovules 2, basal, erect; stigma convex; male zone narrowly conic. Appendix recurved from middle, sometimes suberect, 1.5-4 cm × 2.5-6 mm, base attenuate into short stipe, 4-8 mm in diam., apex 1-2 mm in diam. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Sep-Oct.Forests, thickets, grasslands; 900-3000 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan [N Myanmar].【引自:Flora of China】
块茎扁球形,直径1-6厘米或更大,颈部生多数圆柱状肉质根,周围有多数直径1-2厘米的小球茎,均肉红色(故有红半夏、红南星之称),小球茎逐渐与母体分离,然后萌发为独立的植株。鳞叶2-3,披针形,膜质,最内的长13-20厘米,淡褐色,带紫色斑润,包围叶柄及花序柄,上部分离。叶1,叶柄长20-50厘米,肉红色,基部粗可达1-2厘米,下部1/4-1/5鞘状。幼株叶片轮廓心状箭形,全缘,腰部稍狭缩,两侧基部近圆形。成年植株叶片绿色,背淡,近革质,3全裂,裂片无柄或近无柄,中裂片卵形,宽椭圆形或近倒卵形,基部短楔形至近截形,骤狭渐尖,长7-23厘米,宽6-22厘米;侧裂片偏斜,椭圆形,外侧宽几为内侧的2倍,比中裂片小,基部楔形,长6-20厘米,宽5-19厘米,均全缘,侧脉5-10对,集合脉距边缘3-6毫米,有明显的网脉。花序柄短于叶柄,长10-0厘米,粗3-6毫米,肉红色,花期直立,果期下弯180度。佛焰苞污紫色、深紫色,具白色或绿白色宽条纹(宽1.5毫米),管部长4-6厘米,圆筒形,粗1.2-2厘米,喉部边缘反卷约1毫米;檐部下弯成盔状,长4.5-11厘米,渐尖,有长1-2厘米或5-6厘米以上的线形尾尖,下垂。肉穗花序单性,雄花序紫色,长圆锥形,长1.5-4厘米,粗2.5-6毫米,花疏,雄花具粗短的柄,花药2-5,药室球形,顶孔开裂,附属器绿紫色,伸长的圆锥状,长3.5-6厘米,基部粗4-8毫米,向下渐狭成短柄,上部粗约1毫米,由中部以下开始下弯,有时几弯成圆圈,稀近直立。雌花序圆柱形,长1.2-3.8厘米,粗0.8-2厘米,花密,子房绿紫色,顶部扁平,近五角形,下部棱状楔形,长5毫米,柱头明显凸起,胚珠2,近纺锤形,白色,珠柄短,直立。浆果绿色,干时黄褐色,倒圆锥形,长达1.2厘米,粗5毫米,种子1-2,倒卵形或卵形,种皮淡褐色,骨质,表面泡沫状。花期5-7月,果9-10月成熟。 【引自:中国植物志】
序列号 | 采集编号 | 保藏类型 | 份数 | 保藏温度 | 提取方法 | 数据来源 |
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7322 | 11CS3509 | DNA | 1 | -80℃ | 改良CTAB法 | DNA库 |
13370 | 11CS3509 | DNA | 1 | -80℃ | 改良CTAB法 | DNA库 |
20858 | 11CS3509 | DNA | 1 | -80℃ | 改良CTAB法 | DNA库 |
26906 | 11CS3509 | DNA | 1 | -80℃ | 改良CTAB法 | DNA库 |
32954 | 11CS3509 | DNA | 1 | -80℃ | 改良CTAB法 | DNA库 |
编号 | 保藏类型 | 保护级别 | 份数 | 数据来源 |
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IVB0817 | 离体培养物 | 药用 | 5 | 离体材料库 |